Reimplementing Iran Sanctions: Where, How, and How Much?

Following the recent U.S. withdrawal from the nuclear deal, the Iran sanctions suspended in 2016 will begin snapping back into place. This prospect raises important questions about whether the Islamic Republic’s vulnerability to U.S. financial pressure has changed since then. In particular, how will shifting trade and financial relationships affect reimplementation of sanctions, and how much discretion does the Trump administration have in adapting its efforts to these new realities? Do non-nuclear sanctions have a role to play in this campaign?