Clinical diagnosis.
1) Active Infective endocarditis.
2) Severe Aortic regurgitation with large vegetation.
3) Moderate Mitral regurgitation with large vegetation.
4) Aortic root abscess.
5) Severe pulmonary edema which required preoperative virtukation and ventilation.
6) Severe obese.
執刀医:山口裕己 教授