Greek Pronunciation: φ θ χ (phi theta chi), the full history | Ancient Greek & Latin 🏺

The pronunciation of Ancient Greek is a fascinating story that stretches from the epic Homeric legends through Classical Greece and Rome to the modern era. How did the sound of Greek change from early to late antiquity to the Mediaeval period to the present? In this series of videos, I will answer those questions, and many more! 🇬🇷 The letters φ (phi), θ, (theta), and χ (chi) have been a point of controversy for many, and in this video I’ll tell you about some new things I’ve discovered while researching this topic. The answer to how these letters are pronounced my surprise you! Many thanks to my sponsor Ancient Language Institute. To learn Latin, Ancient Greek, Hebrew, or Old English with some of the best instructors and pedagogy out there, sign up for online lessons at . ⬅️ Sources: see below. Additional commentary about this topic on the secondary channel @polymathy1017 🦂 Support my work on Patreon: 🏺 Lucian Pronunciation of Ancient Greek: 📄 Ancient Greek Pronunciation Guide: ▶️ Ancient Greek Pronunciation playlist: 🦂 Sign up for my Latin Pronunciation & Conversation series on Patreon: 📚 Luke Ranieri Audiobooks: ☕️ Support my work with PayPal: And if you like, do consider joining this channel: 🏛 Latin by the Ranieri-Dowling Method: 🏺Ancient Greek by the Ranieri-Dowling Method: 🏛 Ancient Greek in Action · Free Greek Lessons: 👨‍🏫 My Lingua Latina Per Se Illustrata playlist · Free Latin Lessons: 🦂 ScorpioMartianus (my channel for content in Latin, Ancient Greek, & Ancient Egyptian) 🎙 Hundreds of hours of Latin & Greek audio: 🌍 polýMATHY website: 🌅 polýMATHY on Instagram: 🦁 Legio XIII Latin Language Podcast: 👕 Merch: 🦂 🦅 📖 My book Ranieri Reverse Recall on Amazon: Intro and outro music: Overture of Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute) by Mozart SOURCES Vox Graeca, by w. Sidney Allen Vox Latina, by W. Sidney Allen Greek: A History of the Language and its People, Geoffrey Horrocks The Pronunciation of Greek and Latin, Edgar Howard Sturtevant #greek #koine #latin 00:00 Intro to Phi, Theta, Chi 01:26 Sources 02:08 φ θ χ in Modern Greek 03:06 Definition of “Ancient Greek“ 03:48 The Ancient Language Institute 05:07 φ θ χ in Classical Attic 07:48 φ θ χ into Latin 09:49 Evidence from Egypt 13:48 Evidence from Pompeii 14:53 Thermopolium of the Phoenix 16:25 Adding λάσθε to injury 18:10 χ as a fricative? 21:30 Contradiction 24:33 Resolution? 26:08 θ fricative in Sparta? 28:00 Practical approaches to pronunciation 30:18 Classical Attic? 31:12 The trouble with aspirates 34:54 The trouble with affricates 38:07 Fricatives 39:38 Caveats for Spanish & English speakers 40:30 What to do in Latin 43:46 Johnny 5