Genetic history of P1-M45: Proto-Turkic ancestors of Europeans, Native Americans and Indians | 1

• Journey Of Man: A Genetic Odyssey, produced by tigress in association with PBS and National Geographic Channels International © tigress productions MMII. • Wells, Spencer et al. 2001 • • • • Wells’ earlier expedition in 1998 had provided blood samples from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan and he reconnects with a man named Niyazov -a Kazakh Turk who lives in Kazakhstan near the border of Kirgyzistan. Niyazov has African markers that go back 2000 generations and also has an important Y chromosome marker called P-M45, which is ancestral to R-M207 and Q-M242. That indicates Central Asia is where M45 originated and where both Europeans and Native Americans were descendant from. Niyazov is descended in an unbroken line from the people who originally occupied Central Asia 40 000 years ago. • Dr. Spencer Wells who wrote a book titled “Journey of Man“ claims he has evidence based on the Y-Chromosome tests, the first group followed the coast line of southern Asia all the way to Australia years ago after Africa. Another group about years ago walked again but took an inland route and first settled in Kazakhstan. This group then spread to west thru Russia, some to China and some to Siberia and Alaska, North&South America and some to Pakistan/India. He states that he identified the M9 “Central asian“ marker which first occurred among people of Central Asian (Turkestan) steppes years ago. He claims that a man named Niyazov (a Kazak Turk) has the M9 but no subsequent markers, therefore he must have descended in an unbroken line from the people who originally occupied Central Asia years ago. Wells states that Niyazov’s gene was the father to most Europeans, most Asians, most Indians and many Native Americans. • Apparently there are 2 subspecies of our species, a tropical one and a temperate one. The tropical subspecies is represented by sub-Saharan Africans, Melanesians, Australian Aborigines, and some Dravidians. The temperate subspecies includes all the rest of the world peoples, descended from one man who lived in Kazakhstan about 40,000 years ago. • CHRONOLOGY: • Caves in Southern France show the first to arrive in Europe: the Cro Magnon. They arrived from Africa 35,000 YA. They had a cold, dark life which explains lighter skin adaptations. • One nomadic group left Khazakstan (central Asia) straight northeast into the Ice Age. 13,000 YA they crossed an ice sheet into Alaska. These descendants of Siberia (10-20 individuals) made their way down the American west coast over 800 years. • Navaho indigenous people have their own Creation Story that say they are from the mountains. Yet they carry the same central Asian genetic marker as Niyazov from Kyrgystan. ____________________________ Haplogroup R, the ancestral clade to R1 and R2, appeared on the Central Asian Steppes around 35,000 to 30,000 years ago. R1, sister clade to R2, moved to the West from the Central Asian Steppes around 35,000 to 30,000 years ago. R1 pockets were established, from where R1a and R1b emerged. ___________________________ Comment: Why is the man in Kazakhstan so important to the thesis of this film? I would say Proto-Turks (Tur people) were the origins of Euroasian Clan that most of the people on the northern hemisphere was descended from. Most of the Europeans, Asians and Indians are included in this group. Race concept has been destroyed after DNA researches. ____________________________ The two major Eurasian haplogroups, R1a and R1b, diverged (or rather, formed and diverged) 20-16 thousand years ago, evolved linguistically from the common Nostratic languages, respectively into the Pra-Aryan (later called “Proto-Indo-European“) and the Proto-Türkic, and then into Türkic. And here the nature has played a cunning joke with the linguists. It seems that the two Caucasoid brotherly lines, R1a1 and R1b1, that came about 50-40 thousand years ago to the Eastern European Plain as a single branch of R (or, rather, as its upstream haplogroup P, or even NOP), and then went to the Southern Siberia at least 35,000 years ago and dispersed over time and over territories. One of them was a flexive Aryan language (language of the R1a1 tribe), which later became to be called Proto-Indo-European, and the other was an agglutinative Proto-Türkic language (language of the R1b1 tribe). Both tribes gestated in the Southern Siberia. Source: Journal of Russian Academy of DNA Genealogy (Y-DNA)# Tuvinian (Turkic) % Nivkh (isolate) 35 % Altai-Kizhi (Altaians) (Turkic) 28.3 % Todjin (Turkic) 22.2 %