Load Balancing is a key concept to system design. One simple way would be hashing all requests and then sending them to the assigned server.
The standard way to hash objects is to map them to a search space, and then transfer the load to the mapped computer. A system using this policy is likely to suffer when new nodes are added or removed from it.
Some terms you would here in system design interviews are Fault Tolerance, in which case a machine crashes. And Scalability, in which case machines need to be added to process more requests. Another term used often is request allocation. This means assigning a request to a server.
Load balancing is often tied with service discovery and global locks. The type of load we want to balance is that of sticky sessions.
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