Continuity and Innovation in Russia’s Way of War

Russia’s ongoing military operations in Ukraine and Syria present an evolving challenge for analysts and observers. The perception of novelty in the Russian approach to achieving military effect sparked a fashion in the West for referring to “hybrid warfare“ or a “Gerasimov doctrine“ - two concepts unrecognizable in Russia. That trend has now largely passed within the expert community, but debates continue on the roots of Russia’s way of war, how sustainable it may be, and where it may be employed next.