The Rise of Gunpowder in Europe

Gunpowder was a technical innovation that lastingly changed the face of European warfare and culture in late medieval and early modern times. Even though early gunpowder weapons were ineffective, they fascinated military artisans who, over time, tweaked them into absolutely essential weapons for any successful military operation. This is how contemporary historiography tells the story of gunpowder. Patreon (thank you): Paypal (thank you: We also have Twitter: Bibliography Sources Bacon, Roger, opus maius, latin with an English commentary, Ed. by Bridges, John H., The “opus majus“ of Roger Bacon (2 vol.), Frankfurt 1964. Tartaglia, Niccoló, La nova scientia de Nicolo Tartaglia con una gionta al terzo libro, Venice 1558. Walter de Milemete, De nobilitatibus, sapientiis, et prudentiis regum, 1326. Literature Al-Hassan, Ahmad Y. “Gunpowder Composition for Rockets and Cannon in Arabic Military Treatises in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries“. ICON 9 (2003): p. 1–30. Andrade, Tonio, The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton 2016. Arnold, Thomas, The Renaissance at War, London 2001. May, T., Review of Khan, Iqtidar Alam, Gunpowder and Firearms: Warfare in Medieval India. H-War, H-Net Reviews 2006 ( last consultation: ). Max Jaehn, Geschichte der Kriegswissenschaften, vol. 1-3, München und Leipzig 1889–1891 (Reprint Hildesheim 1966). Morillo, Stephen, War in World History: Society, Technology, and War from Ancient Times to the Present, Volume 1, To 1500, McGraw Hill 2008. Ortenburg, G., Landsknechte. Waffe und Waffengebrauch (Heerwesen der Neuzeit, sect. 1, vol. 1) Koblenz 1984. Popplow, M., s.v. Schiesspulver, in: Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit. #history #gunpowder #sandrhoman