“RADIO TELESCOPES” 1960S SOVIET EDUCATIONAL FILM RADIO ASTRONOMY TECHNOLOGY & DEVELOPMENT 98204
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This 1960s Soviet educational Film about advancements in radio telescope technologies. The film covers a brief history of the technology, how it works, and the benefits that can be derived from it.
0:10 Radio Telescopes, 0:15 radio waves going through space, 0:31 a galaxy, 0:35 a diagram of an early telescope, 0:48 Photo of pioneer American scientist Karl Guthe Jansky working on a radio telescope, 1:15 the Reber Radio Telescope, 1:27 animation showing different radio waves, 1:43 animation of space objects emitting radio waves, 2:11 animation of a radio telescope receiving information, 2:29 different types of radio telescopes, 3:13 a large Soviet Radio telescope, 3:32 an operator pressing buttons, 3:43 animation of how a radio telescope receives information, 4:26 an image generated from a radio telescope, 4:38 map of a worldwide network of radio telescopes,
A radio telescope is a specialized antenna and radio receiver used to detect radio waves from astronomical radio sources in the sky. Radio telescopes are the main observing instrument used in radio astronomy, which studies the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted by astronomical objects, just as optical telescopes are the main observing instrument used in traditional optical astronomy which studies the light wave portion of the spectrum coming from astronomical objects. Unlike optical telescopes, radio telescopes can be used in the daytime as well as at night.
Since astronomical radio sources such as planets, stars, nebulas and galaxies are very far away, the radio waves coming from them are extremely weak, so radio telescopes require very large antennas to collect enough radio energy to study them, and extremely sensitive receiving equipment. Radio telescopes are typically large parabolic (“dish“) antennas similar to those employed in tracking and communicating with satellites and space probes. They may be used individually or linked together electronically in an array. Radio observatories are preferentially located far from major centers of population to avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI) from radio, television, radar, motor vehicles, and other man-made electronic devices.
Radio waves from space were first detected by engineer Karl Guthe Jansky in 1932 at Bell Telephone Laboratories in Holmdel, New Jersey using an antenna built to study radio receiver noise. The first purpose-built radio telescope was a 9-meter parabolic dish constructed by radio amateur Grote Reber in his back yard in Wheaton, Illinois in 1937. The sky survey he performed is often considered the beginning of the field of radio astronomy.
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